How To Hand Make Hard Enamel Pins by Hand

Introduction to Hard Enamel Pins

Hard enamel pins, also known as cloisonné pins, are a popular choice for collectors and businesses alike due to their durability, vibrant colors, and smooth finish. These pins are made by filling recessed areas of a metal base with colored enamel and then baking them at high temperatures. The result is a high-quality, long-lasting pin that can be used for a variety of purposes, including branding, awards, and personal expression. While the process of making hard enamel pins is typically done using industrial machinery, it is possible to create them by hand with the right tools and techniques.

Materials and Tools Needed

Before you begin making hard enamel pins by hand, you'll need to gather the necessary materials and tools. Here's a list of what you'll need:

Materials

1. Metal Blanks: These are the base of your pins and can be made from various metals such as brass, copper, or iron. You can purchase pre-cut blanks or cut your own using metal shears.

2. Enamel Powder: This is the colored powder that will be used to fill the recessed areas of your pins. Enamel powder comes in a variety of colors and can be purchased from craft stores or online.

3. Flux: This is a chemical agent that helps the enamel powder adhere to the metal surface. It is typically available in liquid or paste form.

4. Pin Backs: These are the fasteners that will be attached to the back of your pins. There are several types of pin backs, including butterfly clutches, rubber clutches, and safety pin backs.

5. Clear Coat: This is a protective layer that will be applied to the finished pins to give them a glossy finish and protect the enamel from damage.

Tools

1. Jeweler's Saw: This is used to cut the metal blanks into the desired shapes.

2. Files: These are used to smooth the edges of the metal blanks and create clean lines.

3. Pliers: These are used to hold and manipulate the metal blanks during the enameling process.

4. Kiln or Torch: This is used to heat the enamel powder and fuse it to the metal blanks. A kiln is preferred for more precise temperature control, but a torch can also be used for smaller projects.

5. Sifter: This is used to apply the enamel powder evenly to the metal blanks.

6. Tweezers: These are used to handle the small pieces and apply the enamel powder.

7. Sandpaper: This is used to smooth the surface of the enamel after it has been fired.

8. Protective Gear: This includes gloves, safety glasses, and a mask to protect yourself from the heat and fumes during the enameling process.

Step-by-Step Process

Now that you have all the necessary materials and tools, you can begin the process of making hard enamel pins by hand. Follow these steps to create your own custom pins:

Step 1: Design Your Pin

Start by sketching out your pin design on paper. Consider the size, shape, and colors you want to use. Once you have a finalized design, transfer it to the metal blank using a permanent marker or a stencil. This will serve as a guide for cutting and filing the metal.

Step 2: Cut and Shape the Metal Blank

Using a jeweler's saw, carefully cut the metal blank into the desired shape. Take your time and make precise cuts to ensure clean lines. Once the blank is cut, use files to smooth the edges and refine the shape. This step is crucial for achieving a professional-looking pin.

Step 3: Apply Flux

Apply a thin layer of flux to the recessed areas of the metal blank. This will help the enamel powder adhere to the metal surface. Be sure to cover all areas that will be filled with enamel.

Step 4: Apply Enamel Powder

Using a sifter and tweezers, carefully apply the enamel powder to the fluxed areas of the metal blank. Apply the powder evenly and avoid overfilling the recessed areas. You can use multiple colors of enamel powder to create intricate designs and patterns.

Step 5: Fire the Enamel

Place the enamel-coated metal blank in a kiln or use a torch to heat it to the appropriate temperature. The enamel powder will melt and fuse to the metal, creating a smooth, glass-like surface. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions for the specific enamel powder you are using, as different powders may require different firing temperatures and times.

Step 6: Sand and Polish

Once the enamel has cooled, use sandpaper to smooth the surface and remove any excess enamel. Start with a coarse grit sandpaper and gradually move to finer grits for a polished finish. Be careful not to sand too aggressively, as this can damage the enamel.

Step 7: Attach the Pin Back

Using pliers, attach the pin back to the metal blank. You can use solder or a strong adhesive to secure the pin back in place. Make sure the pin back is centered and aligned properly to ensure the pin sits correctly when worn.

Step 8: Apply Clear Coat

Apply a clear coat to the finished pin to protect the enamel and give it a glossy finish. Allow the clear coat to dry completely before handling the pin.

Tips and Tricks

Here are some additional tips and tricks to help you achieve the best results when making hard enamel pins by hand:

1. Practice Makes Perfect

Creating hard enamel pins by hand can be a challenging process, especially for beginners. Don't be discouraged if your first few attempts don't turn out perfectly. Practice and experimentation will help you improve your skills and achieve better results over time.

2. Use High-Quality Materials

Investing in high-quality materials, such as metal blanks and enamel powder, will make a significant difference in the final appearance and durability of your pins. Cheap materials may result in a lower-quality product that is prone to chipping and fading.

3. Work in a Well-Ventilated Area

Enameling involves the use of chemicals and high temperatures, which can produce fumes and smoke. Always work in a well-ventilated area and use protective gear to ensure your safety.

4. Experiment with Different Techniques

There are many different techniques and styles of enameling, including wet packing, sifting, and painting. Experiment with different methods to find the one that works best for you and allows you to achieve your desired results.

Conclusion

Making hard enamel pins by hand is a rewarding and creative process that allows you to produce unique, high-quality pins. While it requires patience, practice, and attention to detail, the end result is a beautiful and durable piece of art that can be cherished for years to come. By following the steps outlined in this guide and experimenting with different techniques, you can develop your skills and create stunning hard enamel pins that showcase your creativity and craftsmanship.